Wellness Letter: Sexual Health News

Sexuality and Cancer
By Dr. Stephanie Buehler

While most people diagnosed with cancer return to normal psychological and emotional functioning after the initial diagnosis, some effects do linger, including sexual function and activity. Even if the body part or organ being treated does not have a sexual function, cancer and its treatment can alter sexual well-being.

Fatigue, pain, and restriction of movement are common effects of cancer and its treatment; disfigurement, scars, or unwanted changes in weight can make a person feel less desirable or even depressed. In general, people diagnosed with cancer wonder if their sexual function is going to be affected; if having sex can make the cancer worse; if cancer can affect their partner; and if they can have sex during treatment.

These are all quite legitimate questions that deserve to be answered by one’s oncologist. However, one study found that half of oncologists do not address their patient’s sexual concerns or make referral to a specialist, such as a sex therapist, who can help. This is unfortunate, because research has demonstrated that the majority of cancer patients who received just four counseling sessions with a sex therapist returned to their normal level of sexual functioning, compared to less than 20% of people who did not receive such counseling.

In most cases, it is possible for people with cancer to resume activity, but individuals should consult with their physician to ensure that it is safe. For example, the question came up in an organization of sex therapists and educators whether chemotherapy treatment could be passed from a woman to her partner during intercourse, and indeed it could. Once the all-clear is given, the person with cancer and his or her partner may find they need to make adjustments, such as timing their activity when the affected person is most alert or is least affected by pain medication, using props such as pillows and cushions to make intercourse easier, or being open to experimenting with non-intercourse forms of sexual play. Any discomfort or pain should be reported to one’s physician so that a determination of cause and treatment can be made.

If you or someone you love is diagnosed with cancer, the first conversation should be with one’s physician. However, keep in mind that most physicians have very little expertise in the area of human sexuality. The physician may or may not make a referral to a sex therapist. Whether or not the referral is made, you are always welcome to consult with us at The Center for Optimal Health regarding your sexual well-being.

—October 2005